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Reading and analysis of the data to establish the foundation of the recommended actions.

Shocks

All: all types of shocks considered under CRPT Taxonomy
Identified: all types and sub-types of shocks to which the city is prone. These are highlighted based on local knowledge and calibrated further through data collection and analysis.
Prioritised: the most serious identified shocks in terms of their impacts on people, assets, processes and their future trends based on climate change projection.

Dry conditions, often associated with a strong El Niño (ENSO – El Niño Southern Oscillation), as well as severe drought periods* in Vanuatu were recorded in :
1982-1983, 1990-1995 (1993), 1997-1998, 2015

Affected Assets

Triggered water and food shortages around the country, specifically in cyclone-affected areas.

Affected Processes

Significant declines in agricultural productivity and exports to Port Vila and international markets, on which a large proportion of the population rely.

Since 1970, major flood events in Port Vila occurred in: 2000, 2001, 2007, 2008, 2015 and 2017.
Floods in Port Vila are closely related to tropical cyclones and sudden sea level rise or wave actions.

Affected People
The current population growth and associated urban driftexpansion is increasing thisflood risk as people move to areas they cansettle in greater numbers in afford which generally means low-lying areas prone to flooding.

Affected Assets

Damage to urban infrastructure.

Affected Processes

Disruption in mobility system.
Disruption in education.
Interruption of economic activities.

Through its location within the South Pacific Convergence Zone and within the tropical cyclone belt, the city is particularly vulnerable to intense tropical storms.
The frequency and intensity of these cyclones is anticipated to increase due to the effects of climate change.

Affected Assets

Example of TC Pam(2015): In Port Vila, it destroyed 30% of dwellings. The losses were equivalent to 64.1% of national GDP.

Affected Processes

Disruption in basic services provision.
Disruption in transport operations.

Dengue Outbreak: 1989, 2016-2017

Affected People
For the 2016-2017 outbreak: Vanuatu has experienced an increasing number of dengue cases, with over 1,700 reported. The majority of suspected cases are in Port Vila

Affected Processes

High pressure on health system and services.
High pressure on public finance in health sector.

Earthquakes affecting Port Vila were recorded in: 1971, 1990 and 2002

Affected People
The earthquake caused extensive damage in the capital and surrounding areas on the island of Efate. A small tsunami was generated.

Affected Assets

There have been no reports of serious casualties, but the earthquake caused damage to buildings and infrastructure.

Affected Processes

Supplies of power, water and telecommunications have been interrupted.

Food & Fuel Supply Crisis

2007 - Fuel Crisis; 2007 - Global food crisis; 2008 - Global financial crisis

Affected People
Some urban based families had difficulty coping with the increase in the cost of grains and the increased cost of fuel. But on the whole, there was minimal if any impact from the Food Crisis that hit the rest of the world.

Affected Processes

There is great flexibility and responsiveness in the traditional economy. Immediately after the food crisis, the prices of vegetables and fruit went up in the markets. But prices normalized as production went up to meet growing demand for locally produced foods.
The Fuel Crisis of 2007 on the other hand is still having its impacts as transportation costs increased and have not readjusted.

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PORT VILA

Port Vila

Shocks